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LINER NOTES from DVD Special Edition Release of "The Silence of the Lambs"  
THE MASTER CHEF

Jonathan Demme, Director (1991 Oscar Winner)When Thomas Harris’ novel, The Silence of the Lambs, first made the rounds in Hollywood, director Jonathan Demme wasn’t interested. “Young female FBI agent hunts down serial killer with help of demented psychiatrist … it wasn’t the kind of thing that I find interesting,” he said.

But after Demme read the book and met and spoke with screenwriter Ted Tally about the story, he immediately signed on. “It was Clarice that got to me,” he explained.

“One of the great things about the script,” he continued, “is its genre base. It’s a suspense movie with a female protagonist who’s never in sexual peril. It’s a slasher movie that’s devoid not only of slasher scenes, but of the anticipation of them.” 1
To deliver the greatest sense of Clarice’s fear and frustration, Demme felt it necessary to put the audience right into her head. “In what was maybe our daring stylistic conceit for this film, we had the camera do a complete subjective point-of-view shot for Jodie (Foster, who plays Clarice), without fail, in every single sequence,” he said. “People are always talking into the camera, the camera always sees exactly what she sees. I felt it was imperative that … Clarice be not only honoured but capitalised by pulling the audience right into the maximum identification zone with her.” 2
 
THE RECIPE
Ted Tally -  Screenwriter (1991 Oscar Winner)Writer Ted Tally was also enthralled with Harris’ novel – so much so that he hounded his agent to get him hired as the film’s sceenwriter. Tally, who won 1991’s Best Screenplay Academy Award 3 for his work, said: “A sort of streamlining always goes on in an adaptation. But probably the most important single choice in this adaptation was trying to eliminate the multiple points of view.” In exploring the novel to find the elements that would make the movie work, Tally realized that “the heart of the story was between Starling and Lecter, that strange sexual power struggle, that chess game between this young woman and this man – this monster.” 4 So he focused the screenplay on this premise … and within only a year of beginning the script – breakneck speed in Hollywood – the cameras were rolling!
 
THE GUEST OF HONOUR
Anthony Hopkins - Dr Hannibal Lecter (1991 Oscar Winner)Demme felt that casting a mega-star like Robert De Niro or Jack Nicholson in the role of Dr. Hannibal Lecter would have focused the audience’s attention on the actor’s performance rather than on the story, and thus would have weakend the film. So he cast the lesser-known but extraordinarily accomplished Anthony Hopkins. Hopkins, who won Best Actor Oscar* for this role, is so brilliant that the audience finds itself rooting for Dr. Lecter in spite of his nature. Legendary horror film director John Carpenter offered another reason why Dr. Lecter grabbed the world’s attention:
“Someone like Hannibal Lecter is an interesting character because he combines this brilliant mind with an absolutely horrifying monster,” he said. “We’re all frightened of the unknown and also of the repressed people in our society. There’s a duality that touches off sparks in all of us.” 5
 
THE PREPARATION
Jodie Foster - FBI Agent Clarice Starling (1991 Oscar Winner)In the pivotal role of FBI agent Clarice Starling, Demme sought the highly respected Jodie Foster, who also went on to win the Best Actress Oscar* for her portrayal. In preparation, Forster spent time with Special Agent Mary Anne Krause, with whom she developed a great rapport. “We went out to dinner and my first and lasting impression was that [Foster] was very sharp and eager to learn,” remembered Krause. “Not just about the FBI, but about me. She really wanted to get a picture of a female agent.” Foster took her experiences with Krause directly to the screen. “When it gets to be too much, and I’m on my own, I just go and cry in my car,” continues Krause: “In that one scene where she’s crying in the car? I saw it and thought, ‘Now that’s like me.” 5
(L) John Douglis (R) Actor Scott GlennScott Glenn (FBI Agent Jack Crawford) also prepared for his role with an agent, John Douglas, a criminal profiler who has interviewed such notorious murderers as Charles Manson and David “Son of Sam” Berkowitz. From Douglas, Glenn found out more than he wanted to know. To get the roughest feel for the job, Glenn agreed to view crime scene photographs and listen to FBI tapes of girls who were tortured in the backseat of a Los Angeles van by a pair of rapist/killers. “I thought it was important for him to sense that this is an extremely stressful environment,” Douglas said, “that it’s the type of work you cannot shut down at the end of the day.” 5 As a result of the experience, Glenn feels he “lost a certain degree of innocence. To this day I find myself having unpleasant dreams about the things I found out.” 5
 
INGREDIENTS FOR DESTRUCTION
Ted Levine - Jame "Buffalo Bill" GumbIn order to bring the real psychodrama of serial killer Jame “Buffalo Bill” Gumb to life in the film, director Demme and the filmmakers did careful research. As a result, Buffalo Bill, played briliiantly by Ted Levine, became a deadly hybrid of three real-life serial murders, who, in the past, had captured the public’s imagination.
Ed Gein's living roomThe first serial killer, Ed Gein, was also the prototype for the charater Norman Bates in Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho. He lived in squalor, but, like Norman Bates and Buffalo Bill, kept his late mother’s room and clothes in immaculate condition. He apparently also liked to wear the skins of his victims and look at himself in multiple mirrors, a trait passed on to Buffalo Bill.
"Wanted By the FBI: Theodore Robert Bundy ..."The second model for Buffalo Bill was Ted Bundy. A law student who seem destined for a promising career in politics, Bundy was executed in 1989 for the murder of a 12 year old girl. He also confessed to the murders of a score of other women before he died. In the film, Buffalo Bill uses Bundy’s technique of gaining sympathy from women by wearing a phony cast on his wrist.
Gary HeidnikFinally, the behaviour of a third model, Gary Michael Heidnik of Philadelphia, inspired Buffalo Bill’s dark and dingy basement dungeon. On a tip from a hysterical young woman who reported that she had been held captive in a nearby house, police investigated Heidnik’s basement. They found three partially clad women chained to pipes and two other women who had died in the dungeon of suffocation and electrocution.
 
ADDING THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF REALITY
Shootout in Jame Gumb's basementIn addition to training the actors in the ways of firearms, law enforcement and serial killers, the FBI had a few notes for Director Demme on his film. Douglas commended Demme for the scene in which one of Buffalo Bill’s victims cries, “I want my mommy!” from the well in which she is detained. He said that “he had seen girls in these situations and they revert back to childhood.’ 5 The bureau objected, however, to Clarice’s unanticipated discovery of Buffalo Bill. The Feds insisted they would never send a rookie agent alone on such a dangerous mission. As this conceit provided the final climax of the movie, Demme couldn’t – and wouldn’t – change it. So the FBI finally agreed that it could be justified as the most unlikely follow-up lead of all time. A rookie, the FBI reasoned, could have been assigned such a task only if it wasn’t expected to pan out.
 
NIBBLES
Shooting began in November 1999 in Washington, D.C. … in the office of then United States Secretary of Labor Elizabeth Dole! The office, which overlooks the Capitol, was used as the set for the FBI director’s office.
A large part of the shoot took place in Pittsburgh. The city was chosen for its variety of landscapes and architecture, which was necessary to portray various parts of the country. All the film’s interiors were constructed and shot in an abandoned Pittsburgh factory.
Gene Hackman was the original possessor of the rights to the film. He intended to write, direct and star in the movie.
To counteract the deeply felt horror and tension of the storyline, the cast and crew kept the atmosphere as light as possible. “Everything was a joke,” recalls actress Brooke Smith, who plays abducted victim Catherine Martin. “The crew ate lamb, and even made the blueprint of the set into a gameboard called ‘The Gumb Game.” It had stuff like ‘liposuction go back two spaces.’ The object was to save Catherine.” 5
The tobacco horn worm moths used throughout the film were given celebrity treatment by the filmmakers. They were flow first class to the set (in a special carrier), had special living quarters (rooms with controlled humidity and heat) and were dressed in carefully designed costumes (body shields bearing a painted skull and crossbones)!
 
OTHER NIBBLES (not appearing in DVD Special Edition Text)
Originally, it was anticipated that Clarice Starling would be played by Michelle Pfeiffer. Director Demme had just recently directed Pfeiffer in the movie Married to the Mob.
Hollywood came in for a bashing over the supposed anti-gay feel of the movie. Their complaint: gays or supposed gay characters are seldom enough portrayed in movies / Hollywood, and when they do appear, it is almost always in a negative light. The character of Jame Gumb was seen as a continuation of this. Director Demme and some of the movie cast (especially Ted Levine who plays Jame Gumb in the film) hadn’t anticipated this, and sought to point out that Buffalo Bill wasn’t gay anyway. Besides which, Demme went on to produce Philadelphia which could hardly be said to be anti-gay in any sense.
  Hackman originally wanted to star in the film, but turned down the role after reading Ted Tally’s script, thinking it too violent. Ironincally, Jodie Foster went on to turn down a reprisal of her role as Starling in Hannibal, citing the violence of the script in that film as a reason for not returning to the role which won her the Oscar in 1991.
__________________
*1991
1.Jonathan Demme as quoted in The Village Voice, February 19, 1991.
2.Jonathon Demme as quoted in Interview, February 1991.
3.Screenplay based on material from another medium.
4.Ted Tally as quoted in The New York Times, January 31, 1992.
5.Various as quoted in People Magazine, April 1, 1991.
 

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Actors & Production Crew (1)
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